Measurement Principles
    InlineOnlineAt-lineOff-line

    NIR Spectroscopy

    Near-infrared spectroscopy is an optical measurement method for non-destructive determination of chemical and physical properties in real time.

    Installation Types

    Inline

    Sensor directly in the process stream — no sampling, continuous real-time measurement.

    Online

    Automatic sampling via bypass loop — short analysis times, close to the process.

    At-line

    Sample analysed next to the line — flexible location, manual or automatic sampling.

    Off-line

    Laboratory analysis — highest accuracy, longer analysis times, spatially separated from the process.

    Standards & Regulations

    USP <1119>ICH Q8ASTM E1655DIN 5033ICH Q2(R1)

    FAQ

    Dusko Kadijevic | Publisher Analytic Journal | analyticjournal.com

    Written October 2026. All content formulated in our own words, created with AI assistance.